Oil painting is one of the most popular mediums of painting that uses a mixture of three elements – a pigment, a binder, and a thinner. In an oil painting, the pigment, which is the color element, is suspended in drying oils (binder). In other words, the ground-up pigment is carried or held up by the oil on the canvas. Usually, refined linseed oil is used.
The thinner is added to the mixture of pigment and oil so that it would be easier for the artist to handle the paint with a brush. Sometimes, an oil painting consists of several other elements such as a liquid drier or siccative that can aid in faster drying of the paint.